With over 50 technology companies and investing over $140 million in its portfolio, Harris & Harris Group, Inc. is one of the most active nanotechnology investors in the world. Founded 1983, the firm has funded companies developing nanoscale-enabled solutions in solid state lighting, emerging memory devices, printable electronics, material science discovery and mass-manufacturing, organic-inorganic hybrids, next-generation semiconductor devices and equipment, thermoelectric, photovoltaic and battery technologies, as well as in various life-science applications of nano-structured materials. Harris & Harris will invest at any stage prior to a company's initial public offering, and will invest anywhere in the United States. Occasionally, the firm also makes private investments in publicly held companies. Harris & Harris has invested outside the United States, but rarely. The firm's current portfolio companies are distributed all across the country, plus one in Canada.